Explain how the development of the concept of childhood contributed to the development of separate correctional institutions for children.
Describe the factors that contributed to the social control of children in Colonial villages and towns.
Describe the social context that gave rise to the first correctional programs for youths in the U.S.
Describe the development and operation of the houses of refuge, placing out, probation, and training/industrial/reform schools.
Assess common problems that confronted early correctional responses to youths
Explain how juvenile corrections has both harmed and helped youth, families, and communities.
